A team at UCFS (University of California and San Francisco) have developed an artificial transplant kidney that one day they hope will replace our diseased kidneys. I contacted them at the end of last year and they responded as follows:
Currently, we are awaiting approval to start the initial material safety trial. Since our device is implanted and interacts directly with the patients’ bloodstream, we have begun collecting additional data to provide to the review boards. After the initial material safety trial starts, we will gather data from a small cohort of individuals to support an application for a larger trial to prove the effectiveness of the device in patients who require dialysis. We are hopeful that the first trial will start in a few years.
You can read more at https://pharmacy.ucsf.edu/news/2021/09/kidney-project-successfully-tests-prototype-bioartificial-kidney